Definition
A legal document filed by a non-party ("friend of the court") in a case.
More Judicial Terms
Certiorari
The process by which the Supreme Court decides to hear a case. Four justices must vote to hear it.
Dissent
A written opinion by justices who disagree with the majority decision.
Due Process
The constitutional guarantee that the government must follow fair procedures before depriving a person of life, liberty, or property.
Equal Protection
The 14th Amendment guarantee that no state shall deny any person "equal protection of the laws."
Habeas Corpus
A legal principle requiring the government to justify imprisonment of a detained person before a court.
Judicial Review
The power of courts to determine whether laws and executive actions are constitutional. Established by Marbury v. Madison.