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Appointed by President George W. Bush.
John Glover Roberts Jr. was born in Buffalo, New York, in 1955 and grew up in Indiana. He graduated from Harvard College and Harvard Law School, where he was managing editor of the Harvard Law Review.
Roberts clerked for Justice William Rehnquist, served in the Reagan and George H.W. Bush administrations, and became one of the most successful Supreme Court advocates in private practice, arguing 39 cases before the Court.
Nominated by George W. Bush as Chief Justice in 2005 after the death of Rehnquist, Roberts was confirmed 78-22.
Roberts is generally considered a conservative who favors judicial minimalism.
Upheld the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate as a valid exercise of the taxing power.
Struck down the preclearance formula of the Voting Rights Act.
Ruled that former presidents have broad immunity for official acts.